The Effects of Oxaliplatin Genotoxicity on Human Lymphocytes Free Essay Example, 3750 words

It has been amply indicated that the primary mechanism of cell death induced by platinum compounds is through the formation of DNA adducts (Almeida et a. l, 2005; Hah et al. , 2007; Boysen et al. , 2009). These DNA adducts are comprised of intrastrand and interstrand crosslinks that result from covalent bonding between the platinum atom and DNA bases (Hah et al. , 2007). The ability of a modified alkaline Comet assay was investigated to measure the crosslinks that are induced by oxaliplatin. For this, 50 M H2O2 was used with the consideration that it would strongly induce strand and double strand breaks, and the reduced detection of these breaks would serve to identify the action of a cross-linking agent. It was demonstrated that DNA breaks were reduced in presence of cross-links. REF Hence, lymphocytes were pre-treated in vitro with different concentrations of oxaliplatin to induce cross-links in order to decrease the H2O2-induced DNA migration with the Comet assay. Our data showe d that an inverse relation exists between the increased concentration of oxaliplatin-induced DNA crosslinks and H2O2-induced DNA migration as measured by decreased OTM (Figure 1). We will write a custom essay sample on The Effects of Oxaliplatin Genotoxicity on Human Lymphocytes or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page Specifically, oxaliplatin was shown to form 1,2-GG intrastrand DNA crosslinks (Malina et al. , 2007).

The Perception Of Micro Aggression Essay - 1429 Words

No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main. As a part of the society, it is unavoidable to enjoy the power and the privilege while experience the discrimination or micro-aggression both consciously or unconsciously. The sexual orientation and race is closely related to the power and the privilege. The perceptions of micro-aggression are largely based on the systems and situations that we are participating in. In this paper, I will talk about my relationship to the power and privilege, my experience with micro-aggression and my past and current perceptions of micro-aggression against LGBTQIA (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Intersex, Asexual). My relation to power and privilege which according to my sexual orientation, ability level and race is obvious. My sexual orientation is heterosexuality. Due to the heterosexuality is dominant in the society, I may experience the heterosexual privilege to some extents. In addition , I am from China and my race is Asian. Yellow people is a minor group in the United Sates, which own less power and privilege than the dominant group. For my ability level, I am a healthy and abled person with average intelligence. Most people in the society have the similar situation to me, which caused me in the dominance; therefore, I may have the privilege that belongs to this group. The intersection of sexual orientation and ability-level has enormous impact in both positive andShow MoreRelatedMy Experience With Micro Aggressions, And My Current And Past Perceptions Of Micro Aggression Essay866 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: a) As a part of the society, it is unavoidable to enjoy the power and the privilege while experience the discrimination or micro-aggression both consciously or unconsciously. b) In this paper, I will mainly about my relationships to the power and privilege, my experience with micro-aggressions, and my current and past perceptions of micro-aggression against persons who perceived as LGBTQIA. I. My relation to power and privilege according to my sexual orientation, ability level andRead MoreThe Psychological Symptoms And Disparities Of Gay Youth And How They Outstandingly Differentiate From Their Homeless Heterosexual Counterparts1154 Words   |  5 PagesPerceived Micro-aggressions and Mental Health in a Sample of Black Youths Experiencing Homelessness. Social Work Research. This article focuses on the effects of micro-aggressions targeted at sexual minorities and racial minorities and how they have been well documented. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youths and black youths are more likely to experience homelessness more than, cisgender, and white peers. This study examines whether perceived LGBT racial micro-aggressions and perceivedRead MoreThe Effects Of Microaggressions On An Individual1167 Words   |  5 Pagesmicroaggresions, but also understand the effects in all types of contexts and settings. For instance, in the Journal of Social Psychology, Flying the unfriendly Flying the unfriendly skies?: The role of forgiveness and race in the experience of racial micro aggressions, suggests that the most harmful part of racial discrimination is the subtly (Brown, Hill, 2012). In specific, Anthony L. Burrow and Patrick L. Hill found that â€Å"even subtle forms of racial discrimination can damage well-being† (Brown, Hill, 2012)Read MoreThe Movie Crash 1178 Words   |  5 Pageswere all defined by racism. The movie reinforced those peoples’ assumptions about a person or group prevents them from seeing the true person, in addition to Crash being a movie about progressing. I, myself, have been a victim of intentional micro aggression. I can relate to Terrence Howard and his wife, Thandi Newton, as they were pulled over by a white police officer, Matt Dillon, for no justifiable reason. On one occasion I was in front of my home moving my car, and as I got out a white policeRead MoreBlack Bodies And Its Effects On African American s Position As A Subordinate Class900 Words   |  4 Pagesof a tongue, one note following another is another, another dawn where the pink sky is the bloodshot of struck of sleepless of sorry of senseless, shush†(89). In other words, black bodies within this text are constructed as a product by society’s perception. Race is used to construct the valve and reaffirm African American’s position as a subordinate class. According to Oxford Dictionary Online defines pink as â€Å"highest or most desirable state in excellent health or spirit†. Connecting this definitionRead MoreLack Of Racial Diversity And R everse Racism1754 Words   |  8 Pagescriminalistics behaviors. 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In the article, Microagressions in everyday life, Dr. Derald Wing Sue states that â€Å"Microaggressions are similar to carbon monoxide - â€Å"invisible, but potentiallyRead MoreKingfisher Essay1281 Words   |  6 Pagesshe speaks, dresses, and interacts with others ultimately dictate pe rceptions of her presumed capabilities. Thus, regardless of her true nature, the black woman remains quiet and reserved. She is careful not to complain about receiving â€Å"grunt† work for fear of being presumed too aggressive. She speaks with a softer voice so as not to be too intimidating. She is sure to show deference to her likely white, male boss to prevent perceptions of over-masculinity. And she always works hard; triple checkingRead MoreDescription of Racial Microaggressions1446 Words   |  6 Pagesautomatically believing they have involvement due to their appearance. In Miller and Garran (2008) it states: As with aversive racism, micro aggressions often are unconscious acts, but they have painful consequences. They occur repetitively, and their impact can be cumulative, like a thousand paper cuts as opposed to one deep wound. Examples of racial micro aggressions are: ignoring people of color in a group or classroom, having lower expectations, being mistrustful, expecting people of color to speakRead MoreThe Social Facts Of Everyday Life Essay1362 Words   |  6 Pagesbasis of many macro sociological ideas. By looking at the big picture of interactions between individuals and groups and how these are constructed by these social facts. However do these social facts, the big ideas of sociology, have any place in micro sociology and specifically the sociology of everyday life? Currently it is widely believed that these concepts have little place in a school of thought that purely focuses on the interaction that takes place between individuals and gr oups, whether

Global Strategy of Samsung & Apple-

Question: Analyze Samsung and Apple's Global Operations Strategy. Answer: The global strategies of Apple Fig 1: Global Strategy of Apple Inc (Source: Steenkamp, 2014) Apple uses licensing, exporting, importing strategies for market entry. Licensing has some positive characteristics and so Apple uses market entry mode. Licensing has low risk as compared to other market entry modes. The regulations for licensing are also very less. This strategy has also high returns. One of the most important strategies used by Apple Inc is differentiation. The reason behind using this strategy is to deliver high customer value through its innovative brands. Apple uses the differentiation strategy for a number of reasons. The first one is wide acceptance, Apple offers product like iPod, iPad, iPhone and iTunes. All these brands have gained a huge acceptance. All the brands provide value to the company by development of a strong position in the market (Apple, 2017). Through its innovative brands apple has gained competitive advantage. The competitors cannot imitate the products of Apple Inc. Apple has focused on providing the best quality to its customers. They have been pioneer in with their brands like iPad, iPhone and iTunes. The pricing strategy used by Apple is skimming strategy. The products of Apple signify status and quality (Song Lee, 2014). Apple Inc do not compromise on quality therefore, the price is set accordingly. This strategy is also helpful for the being different in the market. Hence, it can be said they use both cost differentiation and product differentiation strategies. The brands of apple are not geographically bound and so they use creative advertising strategies. They focus on advertising the superiority of their brand. Global strategies of Samsung Fig 2: Global Strategies of Samsung (Source: Song Lee, 2014) Samsung is one of the most preferred brand today. The reason behind this is the strategies used by Samsung. Samsung is one of the leading companies in the international market. Samsung group is a conglomerate of 30 affiliated companies globally. Samsung has focused on having a strong Research and Development team. The reason is that it eases operations in international market. The mobile phones of Samsung are cheaper as compared to Apple phones but the features are more or less same. Samsung electronics does not enter the market as a leader just like Apple but enters a foreign where other players already exist. Samsung electronics enters market through joint ventures or partnerships. Usually the partners of Samsung are those who use a technology that Samsung electronics does not have and those technologies are too much costly to be developed. One example is that in 2010 in Western countries Samsung electronics waited until Apple launched iPhone V1 and V2 and when customers were ready to accept new technology Samsung electronics launched its Galaxy lines with new features but with a higher price. It can be said Samsung takes its decisions very smartly it waits for its competitors to take the first move. Samsung electronics use Android system that was developed by Google. SE did not waste time in developing new software (Steenkamp, 2014). SE protects itself from technology imitation. Acquisitions in most of the cases are done to acquire faster knowledge and technology. Samsung electronics entered some of the global markets through Green filed investments. The company makes economies by choice of location. Samsung learns from the challenges that it faces in one market and then applies the learning in another market (Samsung Story - History, Founder, Founded, CEO | Conglomerate Companies | SuccessStory, 2017). For example the company had some difficulties in starting A/C machine business in Australia where the company did not have strong brand recognition. The expe rience was further used to do business in Thailand. References Business. (2017).Apple. Retrieved 28 November 2017, from https://www.apple.com/business/ Samsung Story - History, Founder, Founded, CEO | Conglomerate Companies | SuccessStory. (2017).Successstory.com. Retrieved 28 November 2017, from https://successstory.com/companies/samsung-group Song, C. Y., Lee, K. (2014).The Samsung way: Transformational management strategies from the world leader in innovation and design. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education. Steenkamp, J. B. (2014). How global brands create firm value: the 4V model.International Marketing Review,31(1), 5-29.

Antigone By Sophocles Is One Of The Most Distinguished Pieces Of Theat

Antigone by Sophocles is one of the most distinguished pieces of theatrical work that reflects upon Greek mythology and culture. Antigone has several themes and circumstantial settings that can be indirectly referred or related to in modern society. Sophocles uses various and strategically placed characters to present his play as well as his themes. The play mainly revolves around Antigone who acts alongside her elder sister, Ismene. Both are daughters of Oedipus and Jocasta who are in the context of the play deceased. This essay will analyze these two characters alongside one other female minor character, Eurydice who contributes significantly to the development and success of the play. From the start of the play, the audience is given a vague idea of both Antigone's and Ismene's characters. Both sisters have suffered the anguish of having lost their brothers, Eteocles and Polyneices. It is at the beginning of the play that we see Antigone's braveness. She notifies Ismene of her intentions to bury Polyneices despite the fact that such an act is punishable by death, for Creon considers Polyneices to be a traitor and that by not having his body buried, Polyneices suffers a posthumous punishment. She makes this declaration while being fully aware of the penalties involved and this brings to light several other things about her character. The audience is able to see that she is confident in her actions and will justify anything that she does. Meanwhile Ismene can be viewed as being afraid and uneager to agree to an action. She confronts her sister's statements by saying, " But think of the danger ! Think what Creon will do ! " (34, Prologue).This statement by Ismene cre ate a vague feeling in the audience that Ismene is a pessimist. This view is further reinforced when she says, " And do what he has forbidden ! We are women / We cannot fight with men, Antigone ! " (46-47, Prologue). Hence Ismene is seen seeking a way out by giving excuses that are in a sense linked to negative stereotypes and this makes a reflection of her pessimistic nature. Antigone's actions at the beginning of the play reflect her impulsivness and rash manner in handling situations. Rather than try to confront Creon regarding the burial of her brother she goes ahead to bury him. Her impulsive manner is also seen when she doubts Ismene's promise that she will not divulge any information to anybody else regarding Antigone's plans to bury her brother. She does this despite the reasonable consideration that Ismene is her only sister and family member left. Her actions at this point also reflect on her indifference in carrying out actions that reflect on others. She does not seem to care about the fact that burying her brother may have unfavorable consequences on Ismene who would lose her sister and at the same time be in a dilemma. Ismene would have to risk telling the authorities and get her sister prosecuted so as to be a true patriot and to save her own life or keep mum and be prosecuted for aiding and abetting an offense alongside her sister whom she will eventually loose, regardless of what she decides to do . This scenario presents a strong argument that Ismene is considerate and rational as she eventually decides to keep Antigone's plans secret and continues to do so even when Antigone attacks her. She responds by saying, " But a loyal friend indeed to those who love." (85, Prologue). This demonstrates Ismene's passive and unvengeful nature. Antigone bears responsibility well and can therefore be seen to be responsible. When brought before Creon, she admits her actions in burying Polyneices without much ado, she audaciously confesses, " I do. I deny nothing " (52, ODE I, Scene II). She goes ahead and justifies her action, and calmly makes it clear that she is not afraid of the punishment due to be imposed on her.. In contrast Ismene bears a sense of responsibility just like her sister. When brought before Creon, she admits her role in Antigone's ?crime' without hesitation, she says, " Yes, if she will let me say so. I am guilty. " This and the ensuing exchange that follows between

Ivan Illych essays

Ivan Illych essays In the Bible the Pharisees were the Jewish upper class. They socialized with the Roman governors and Israels finest citizens. The Pharisees were the richest and most educated men in the area; they were also the leaders in the Hebrew society. They appeared to be the most successful men of their day, but in reality it was all a smoke screen they used to look successful. The Bible shows that they were hypocrites who only cared for themselves. The Pharisees did not care about their families or their religion. In one instance Jesus was preaching to a crowd of people and said, Everything they do is done for men to see (Matthew 23:5). The Pharisees only about how people saw them. Leo Tolstoys novella The Death of Ivan Ilych focuses on a modern Pharisee. In the story Ivan Ilychs self-centered formula for success was really a failure. Ivan failed in his family and official life. He also placed too much emphasis on material possessions, and he ruined his social life. Part of Ivan Ilychs formula for success was to make others think he had the perfect family, but his family was only for show. Ivan married Praskovya Fedornva for social acceptance and not love. When Ivan decides to get married Tolstoy tells us, To say that Ilych married because he fell in love with Praskovya Fedornva and found that she sympathized with his views of life would be as incorrect as to say that he married because his social circle approved (525). A lot of successful people marry women they dont love because it makes them look good. In the story the only reason Ivan married Praskovya was to improve his social standing in his community. Ivan did not care Praskovya; he only cared about making himself look successful in societys eyes. Another problem with his family life was that Ivan substituted his work for his family. As his family life started to become difficult Ivan trans...

How Influenza A causes Epidemics and Pandemics Essay - 1

How Influenza A causes Epidemics and Pandemics - Essay Example The 1918-1919 influenza pandemic which was the most distressful outbreak of influenza in history and considered as one of the most critical disease pandemics ever experienced came about as a result of H1N1 which is a subtype of influenza A virus (Hays, 2005). During this time the pandemic was known to kill over 25 million people globally (Ricks, 2009; p. 34). This essay will address the antigenic drift and the antigenic shift of the virus and how it has affected people globally. Influenza which is commonly referred to as flu is a contagious disease of mammals and birds which is caused by family orthomyxoviridae and RNA viruses. In human beings the signs and symptoms of the disease range from sore throat, severe headache, coughing, fever to fatigue and weakness (Shors, 2009). In more severe scenarios the influenza leads to pneumonia which can be deadly especially in infants and the elderly (Stanberry, 2008). Whilst at times it might be taken for common cold. There are different types of viruses making it to for the pandemic to be contained easily. Flu viruses regularly vary via a method known as antigenic drift. This is the unsystematic accretion of mutations in the HA and to the least degree NA genes which are detected by the system of immune. It is observable in influenza A viruses (Kurstak, 1990). Just like the normal cases of RNA viruses, mutations in the flu viruses take place often due to the replication machinery of the viruses which lacks a proofreading system. Whenever such variations result into mutations in the sites occupied by the antigens of HA or NA that are responsible for the reduction or inhibition of the bond of neutralizing antibodies, the immune system might be avoided by the viruses (Sompayrac, 2002). This procedure gives an explanation of the incident of serial flu epidemics in the course of winter in climatic zones that have temperate conditions and incident of epidemics of varying relentlessness and age groups affect (Betts, Penn

Strategy to recommend to improve sales and increase Old Navy's Essay

Strategy to recommend to improve sales and increase Old Navy's Customer base - Essay Example Sending postcards to all customers who have purchased something from the store during the past 14 months. Issuing of gift checks for their loyal customers. Offering for privilege cards is also enhancing. By Putting up additional promos or create big promos that draws people to the store or even smaller , inexpensive, more-off beat avenues - and then do it consistently is also effective. According to a website "A common failing among those who favor the big bonanza promotion, is that they either don't advertise enough or plan carefully enough in advance." So if the company want to hold a big promotion, you have to think big, and commit accordingly. Other company proved this very effectively. Another is impose a deadline. It's often necessary to put urgency into company's ads, or any marketing messages. Whether the prices are going in low low prices or be given a very big discount you need to have a deadline or incentive and motivate people to take action now. For instance, this coming summer. Summer accessories are in for people who are planning to take their summer on the beach. Promos for summer accessories will be given an extra promotions, like giving big discounts on them.